Skip to Content
Exit

Author Archives: loras

  1. Welding and Assembly Fixtures

    Leave a Comment

    Welding and assembly fixtures are specialized tools that streamline manufacturing, particularly during welding. They securely hold components to ensure that welds are accurate and consistent to meet stringent quality standards. Moreover, they increase worker focus and help minimize the risk of accidents, ensuring a secure environment.

    In this article, we’ll explore the different types of fixtures available and their design considerations when choosing one. We will also discuss common fixture applications and the technologies that have revolutionized its capabilities.

    Types of Fixtures in Welding Processes

    Different welding processes require fixtures tailored to their unique demands. Here are some of them:

    1. Clamping Fixtures

    A clamping fixture is designed to hold components securely during welding and is commonly used in manual and automated operations. They use clamps or vices to grip the workpiece firmly, ensuring stability and preventing movement during the process.

    2. Pneumatic Fixtures

    Using air pressure to clamp and secure workpieces, a pneumatic fixture provides a quick and efficient way to hold components, especially in high-volume production environments. These are more common in automotive assembly lines and mass production facilities where speed and efficiency are paramount.

    3. Arc Welding Fixtures

    This type is engineered for various arc welding techniques. These include shielded metal arc welding (SMAW), gas metal arc welding (GMAW/MIG), and gas tungsten arc welding (GTAW/TIG). They provide stability and accurate positioning for electrodes or welding torches, leading to consistent welds.

    4. Laser Welding Fixtures

    These fixtures are engineered for high-precision laser welding processes. They hold workpieces in the exact position the laser beam needs to create precise, minimal-heat welds. It is commonly used in industries requiring high precision such as medical devices, electronics, and jewelry manufacturing.

    Design Considerations

    Welding and assembly fixtures find extensive use in many industries, including automotive (frames, chassis, and body panels) and aerospace (wings, fuselages, and engine parts). They are also employed for everything from miniature production of electronic circuit boards to large component manufacturing such as shipbuilding (hulls, decks, and bulkheads). Furthermore, these fixtures find use in medical device manufacturing, including surgical instruments and diagnostic equipment.

    Given its various real-world applications, several design factors must be considered when creating welding and assembly fixtures:

    • Ergonomics: Ensure that fixtures are user-friendly to reduce the strain on workers, enhancing productivity and safety.
    • Material: High-quality, durable materials ensure that fixtures maintain their integrity, providing consistent support over the long term. Make sure that it is compatible with the welded or assembled materials.
    • Adaptability: Fixtures designed with adaptability can be modified or reconfigured so that they remain compatible and effective as new methods emerge.
    • Accessibility: The fixtures should provide easy access for the welding equipment or assembly tools. This includes considering the reach of robotic arms, welding torches, and operator access.

    Impact of Technological Advancements

    Technological advancements have significantly influenced the design and capabilities of welding and assembly fixtures. The following innovations are leading the charge:

    • Automation and robotics: The integration of robotic systems with fixtures revolutionized welding and assembly tasks with high precision, enhancing speed and consistency.
    • Digital control and monitoring: Internet of Things (IoT) and Industry 4.0 technologies have made fixtures smarter. They can now collect data, monitor performance, and adjust parameters in real time to optimize optimizing processes.
    • 3D printing: Additive manufacturing technologies like 3D printing allow for the rapid prototyping and production of fixtures.
    • Augmented reality (AR) and virtual reality (VR): AR and VR technologies are used for visualizing the assembly process, training operators, and conducting remote maintenance.

    Partner With Douglas Machine Engineering for Your Welding Fixture Needs

    At Douglas Machine Engineering, we understand the critical role of welding and assembly fixtures in the manufacturing landscape. Our AWS-certified welders and skilled workforce have ensured top-quality tooling since 1945. As an OTC Daihen distributor, we offer comprehensive solutions for your production lines from fixturing to supplying a complete robotic weld cell (robot included). We also do tack fixtures to complete rollout fixtures.

    Contact us today to learn how our state-of-the-art fixtures and unparalleled expertise can improve your manufacturing processes.

  2. Key Considerations in Powder Coating

    Leave a Comment

    Powder coating is a popular finishing process used to apply a protective and decorative layer of color to various metal surfaces. It involves electrostatically charging finely ground particles of pigment and resin, which are then sprayed onto the metal object. The charged particles adhere to the surface, creating a smooth, durable, and even coating.

    A reliable powder coat paint supply provider ensures a steady and consistent availability of quality products. This is crucial for meeting client requests and keeping production schedules. Furthermore, a trustworthy supplier often establishes long-term partnerships, fostering a stable and mutually beneficial business relationship.

    The following are essential considerations when it comes to powder coating and supplier selection:

    1. Quality of Powder Coat Paint Supply

    High-grade powder coat paint exhibits superior properties, such as excellent adhesion and resistance to chipping, fading, and corrosion. When the powder particles are of consistent size and composition, they ensure uniform coverage and an even distribution of color across the coated surface. This helps avoid any blotches or imperfections.

    A reliable supplier must be able to provide powder coat paint that meets industry standards and complies with quality certifications. Thoroughly evaluate the supplier’s product offerings and, if possible, request samples or test batches to assess the paint’s performance.

    2. Technical Expertise and Support

    A team of knowledgeable and experienced professionals must be able to assist you throughout the coating process. These experts are well-versed in diverse paint formulas, treatment techniques, and industry best practices. They also provide useful guidance on picking the best coating for specific applications.

    The proficiency of these experts in identifying and resolving issues can also result in time and resource savings. This ensures that production schedules are followed and any possible delays are minimized. Their specialized knowledge contributes to streamlining the coating procedures, reducing material wastage, and enhancing overall productivity.

    3. Supply Chain Reliability

    A dependable supply chain ensures that powder coat paint is delivered on schedule. With on-time deliveries, the company can confidently plan and execute its coating projects, knowing the supplies will be accessible when needed. This level of predictability helps deliver customer orders, which is critical for establishing customer loyalty.

    Working with a supplier with a well-established supply chain means they have connections with trustworthy manufacturers and transportation partners. This can result in better pricing and cost reductions, which lowers business expenses.

    4. Product Range

    Different industries and consumer markets require specific colors and finishes to align with brand identities or aesthetic preferences. With a broad selection of pigments and textures available, businesses can create custom shades to achieve the desired visual appeal of their products. They can also easily switch between different coatings based on project requirements without changing suppliers.

    5. Environmental Compliance

    A reputable supplier that follows eco-friendly practices demonstrates their commitment to reducing their ecological footprint. This includes implementing measures to minimize waste generation, reduce energy consumption, and optimize their processes to be more environmentally efficient.

    6. Pricing and Value

    While price is important, it should be balanced with the supplier’s ability to provide high-quality powder coat paint. A supplier offering competitive pricing for premium products can provide excellent value for money and long-term cost savings.

    Choose Douglas Machine Engineering for Quality Powder Coating Services

    Since 1945, Douglas Machine Engineering has been a leading provider of innovative design solutions across various industries. We deliver high-quality design and fabrication services and top-notch liquid and powder coating solutions. Whether you have a large-scale industrial project or a small custom job, our team will assist you in every step of the process!

    Contact us today for more information.

  3. How To Maintain Your Doffer in a John Deere Cotton Picker

    Leave a Comment
    Click to ExpandHow To Maintain Your Doffer in a John Deere Cotton Picker

    A John Deere cotton picker is a machine specifically built to harvest cotton. Its name stemmed from John Deere, a well-known agricultural equipment manufacturer, including tractors, combine harvesters, and cotton pickers. This machinery automates the time-consuming task of handpicking cotton, which manual laborers often perform.

    Due to the machine’s distinct design and specific requirements, the maintenance of the doffers requires utilizing specialized tools and machinery. These doffers are crucial in harvesting, as they remove the fiber from the cotton spindle before transferring it to the cleaning system.

    Here are essential factors to consider when maintaining the doffer in a John Deere cotton picker.

    Key Considerations in Doffer Maintenance

    Note the following factors when maintaining cotton pickers doffers to extend the machine’s lifespan and maximize its operational efficiency:

    Precision and Compatibility

    John Deere cotton pickers,including the doffer,are intricately engineered with precise dimensions and specific tolerances for their components. This means that during maintenance, it is essential to use specialized tools and techniques to ensure that any adjustments or repairs are properly carried out. Maintaining the correct fit and compatibility between the doffer and other machine parts is also vital.

    Safety and Efficiency

    Adhere to proper maintenance procedures to ensure the safety of operators and those working around the machinery. These include wearing appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE) and following guidelines.

    Similarly, optimize the cotton pickers performance to boost efficiency. Regular maintenance prevents machine breakdowns and enhances its overall functional health.

    Component Complexity

    The machines are composed of intricate and interconnected parts. Due to this complexity, maintenance tasks must be approached carefully, methodically, and professionally. Often, this would involve using specialized tools and leveraging expert insights. Regular inspections, adjustments, and potential repairs should also be conducted to keep the doffers functioning optimally.

    Doffer Performance

    Ensuring optimal doffer performance directly impacts the overall effectiveness of the cotton spindle operations. Therefore, maintenance must include cleaning, inspecting for wear and tear, and making necessary adjustments to maintain proper alignment and function.

    Unique Features

    The design of John Deere cotton pickers’ doffers incorporates specific mechanisms and arrangements that facilitate the precise and timely extraction of raw materials. Their configuration also ensures that the harvested fibers are smoothly transitioned from the cotton spindle to the subsequent cleaning stages.

    Maintenance efforts aimed at these unique features require knowledge and equipment. This guarantees that any changes or repairs are performed in a way that preserves the integrity of these components. Cleaning routines must also be tailored to safeguard these mechanisms, preventing the accumulation of debris that could hinder their operation.

    Preservation of Warranty and Resale Value

    John Deere cotton pickers often have manufacturer warranties with specific terms and conditions for coverage. As the manufacturer recommends, regular maintenance is typically required to keep the contract valid. Neglecting this could void the warranty, leaving the operator responsible for any unforeseen repairs or replacements.

    Well-maintained equipment also has a greater market resale value. Prospective purchasers frequently favor devices that have been routinely cared for and serviced. Disregarding doffer care may result in lower resale value and may dissuade potential buyers.

    Downtime Reduction

    Downtime is when the equipment is not operational due to maintenance, repairs, or other factors. Reducing downtime is vital for maximizing productivity and efficiency in the cotton harvesting process. The machine can continue operating smoothly when the doffers are well-maintained, leading to increased yields and decreased interruptions.

    Partner With Douglas Machine Engineering for John Deere Cotton Picker Tools

    At Douglas Machine, we pride ourselves in offering premium John Deere tools to cotton farmers across the United States and worldwide! We are committed to providing the best solutions for maintaining and optimizing cotton-picking equipment. Beyond our exceptional product offerings, we also offer quality servicing and repair solutions.

    Contact us today for more information!

  4. Electric Discharge Machining (EDM) Wire

    Leave a Comment
    Click to ExpandElectric-Discharge-Machining-EDM-Wire

    Electric Discharge Machining (EDM) wire, also known as wire EDM or spark erosion machining, is a specialized machining process that uses electrical discharges (sparks) to remove material from a workpiece. Here are some of the key advantages of EDM wire:

     

    1. Precision and Accuracy: EDM wire is capable of achieving very high levels of precision and accuracy. It can produce intricate and complex shapes with tight tolerances that may be challenging or even impossible to achieve using conventional machining methods.

    2. Hard Materials Machining: EDM wire can effectively machine hard and exotic materials that are difficult to machine using traditional methods. This includes materials such as hardened steel, tungsten carbide, titanium, and various superalloys.

    3. No Contact and Minimal Cutting Forces: EDM wire is a non-contact machining process, meaning that there is no physical tool-to-workpiece contact. This eliminates the risk of tool wear, minimizing cutting forces, and reducing the potential for distortion or deformation of delicate workpieces.

    4. Small Heat-Affected Zone: EDM wire generates heat in a very localized area, resulting in a small heat-affected zone around the machining region. This is particularly advantageous when working with heat-sensitive materials, as it helps prevent undesirable material changes.

    5. No Burr Formation: Unlike traditional machining methods that can produce burrs, EDM wire produces no burrs or chips. This reduces the need for post-machining deburring operations, saving time and ensuring cleaner finished surfaces.

    6. Complex Geometries: EDM wire can create intricate and complex shapes, including internal cavities, sharp corners, narrow slots, and fine details. This makes it well-suited for producing molds, dies, and other tooling components.

    7. Minimal Material Waste: EDM wire is a subtractive process that removes material layer by layer. As a result, material waste is minimal compared to conventional machining processes that produce chips and shavings.

    8. Good Surface Finish: EDM wire can achieve excellent surface finishes, even on challenging materials. This can reduce the need for additional finishing processes, such as polishing or grinding.

    9. Reduced Setup Time: Once the initial setup is complete, EDM wire can be used to produce multiple identical or similar parts with minimal setup time. This makes it efficient for producing small batches or prototypes.

    10. Wire EDM Automation: Many modern EDM wire machines are equipped with automation features that allow for unmanned or lights-out machining. This can lead to increased productivity and reduced labor costs.

    11. No Tool Wear: Since there is no direct physical contact between a cutting tool and the workpiece, EDM wire does not experience tool wear. This means consistent and predictable machining results over extended periods.

    12. Versatility: EDM wire can be used for a wide range of applications, including cutting, drilling, slotting, and contouring. It is applicable to various industries, including aerospace, automotive, medical, electronics, and more.

    While EDM wire offers these advantages, it’s important to note that the process also has limitations and considerations, such as slower machining speeds compared to some conventional methods, the need for skilled operators, and certain geometrical restrictions. The choice to use EDM wire should be based on the specific requirements of the project and the characteristics of the material being machined.

  5. Electric discharge machining

    Leave a Comment

    Electric Discharge Machining (EDM) wire, also known as wire EDM or spark erosion machining, is a specialized machining process that uses electrical discharges (sparks) to remove material from a workpiece. Here are some of the key advantages of EDM wire:

    1. Precision and Accuracy: EDM wire is capable of achieving very high levels of precision and accuracy. It can produce intricate and complex shapes with tight tolerances that may be challenging or even impossible to achieve using conventional machining methods.
    2. Hard Materials Machining: EDM wire can effectively machine hard and exotic materials that are difficult to machine using traditional methods. This includes materials such as hardened steel, tungsten carbide, titanium, and various superalloys.
    3. No Contact and Minimal Cutting Forces: EDM wire is a non-contact machining process, meaning that there is no physical tool-to-workpiece contact. This eliminates the risk of tool wear, minimizing cutting forces, and reducing the potential for distortion or deformation of delicate workpieces.
    4. Small Heat-Affected Zone: EDM wire generates heat in a very localized area, resulting in a small heat-affected zone around the machining region. This is particularly advantageous when working with heat-sensitive materials, as it helps prevent undesirable material changes.
    5. No Burr Formation: Unlike traditional machining methods that can produce burrs, EDM wire produces no burrs or chips. This reduces the need for post-machining deburring operations, saving time and ensuring cleaner finished surfaces.
    6. Complex Geometries: EDM wire can create intricate and complex shapes, including internal cavities, sharp corners, narrow slots, and fine details. This makes it well-suited for producing molds, dies, and other tooling components.
    7. Minimal Material Waste: EDM wire is a subtractive process that removes material layer by layer. As a result, material waste is minimal compared to conventional machining processes that produce chips and shavings.
    8. Good Surface Finish: EDM wire can achieve excellent surface finishes, even on challenging materials. This can reduce the need for additional finishing processes, such as polishing or grinding.
    9. Reduced Setup Time: Once the initial setup is complete, EDM wire can be used to produce multiple identical or similar parts with minimal setup time. This makes it efficient for producing small batches or prototypes.
    10. Wire EDM Automation: Many modern EDM wire machines are equipped with automation features that allow for unmanned or lights-out machining. This can lead to increased productivity and reduced labor costs.
    11. No Tool Wear: Since there is no direct physical contact between a cutting tool and the workpiece, EDM wire does not experience tool wear. This means consistent and predictable machining results over extended periods.
    12. Versatility: EDM wire can be used for a wide range of applications, including cutting, drilling, slotting, and contouring. It is applicable to various industries, including aerospace, automotive, medical, electronics, and more.

    While EDM wire offers these advantages, it’s important to note that the process also has limitations and considerations, such as slower machining speeds compared to some conventional methods, the need for skilled operators, and certain geometrical restrictions. The choice to use EDM wire should be based on the specific requirements of the project and the characteristics of the material being machined.

  6. What Is CNC Machining?

    Leave a Comment
    Click to ExpandWhat-Is-CNC-Machining

    Computer numerical control (CNC) machining is a manufacturing process that utilizes computerized controls and automated machinery to produce precise and complex parts. This subtractive method removes materials from a workpiece to create the desired shape. Depending on the part requirements, it can include various operations such as drilling, milling, turning, and threading.

    CNC machining is widely used in industries where precision and customization are crucial, such as in automotive, aerospace, electronics, medical, and prototyping. Let’s discuss the fundamentals of this innovative technique:

    Working Principles of CNC Machining

    CNC machining operates on the principle of computerized control and automated movement. Here’s an overview of how it works:

    1. Programming

    The procedure uses computer-aided design (CAD) software to create a digital model of the desired part. The CAD model is converted into machine-readable instructions using computer-aided manufacturing (CAM) application. These instructions, known as G-code, specify the tool paths, cutting parameters, and other details necessary to manufacture the component.

    2. Machine Setup

    Once the G-code is generated, it is sent to the CNC machine. The machine operator secures the workpiece to the worktable or fixture, ensuring it is aligned and clamped correctly. In addition, the appropriate cutting tools — such as end mills or drills — are chosen and installed in the machine’s spindle.

    3. Execution

    With the setup complete, the CNC machine is ready to perform the machining operations. The operator initiates the program, and the machine’s computer control system takes over. Then, the system interprets the G-code instructions and commands the actuators to move the tool along the specified paths and execute the required actions.

    The axes (X, Y, and Z) govern the tool’s movement in three dimensions, enabling precise and intricate cuts. Meanwhile, sensors and feedback systems ensure accuracy by constantly monitoring the tool’s position and adjusting as necessary.

    Types of CNC Machines

    The following are the most popular types of CNC machines, each designed for specific manufacturing processes and applications:

    • Electrical discharge machining (EDM) machines: These use electrical discharges to remove material from a workpiece.
    • Laser cutters: They employ a focused laser beam to cut, engrave, or etch metal, wood, acrylic, and textiles.
    • Lathes: These are used for cylindrical machining operations. They rotate the workpiece while a cutting tool moves along the spinning axis to shape the material.
    • Mills: These use rotary cutters to remove material from a workpiece. They also operate on multiple axes (usually three or more) to achieve precise cuts and shapes.
    • Plasma cutters: They utilize a plasma torch to cut through electrically conductive materials like steel, aluminum, and brass.
    • Routers: These are primarily used for cutting and shaping wood, plastic, and other soft materials. They employ a rotating cutting tool but are designed for larger workpieces.

    Benefits of CNC Machining

    CNC machining offers the following advantages that contribute to its popularity and widespread use in the manufacturing industry:

    Complex and Intricate Designs

    CNC machining enables the production of intricate, 3D designs that would be difficult or impossible to create manually. The computer-controlled movements allow for precise control over tool trajectories and cutting operations.

    Improved Safety

    Compared to manual machining operations, CNC machines provide a safer working environment. Operators can maintain a safe distance from the cutting tools with automated processes, reducing the risk of injuries. Moreover, the machines frequently include safety features such as protective enclosures, emergency stop controls, and automatic tool monitoring systems.

    Precision and Accuracy

    Computer-controlled movements eliminate errors and inconsistencies that can arise in manual operations. This accuracy ensures that the finished products meet tight tolerances and meet the desired specifications consistently.

    Increased Efficiency and Productivity

    CNC machines are efficient, allowing for accelerated production cycles. They can perform continuous and repetitive tasks without experiencing fatigue or requiring breaks, resulting in reduced production time and higher yield. In addition, the automation of tool changes and material management streamlines the workflow, reducing downtime and maximizing machine utilization.

    Versatility

    Most CNC machines are extremely versatile and can be programmed to manufacture various parts and geometries. For instance, the same tool can manufacture distinct components by modifying the program or work-holding configuration.

    Choose Douglas Machine & Engineering for Quality Machining Services

    At Douglas Machine & Engineering, we take pride in delivering top-notch machining services! Our dedicated team works closely with customers to understand their needs and develop tailored solutions that optimize performance and efficiency. We are also an ISO 9001:2015 and AS9100D certified company, ensuring our adherence to rigorous quality standards.

    Contact us today for more information!

1. General:

(a) As a supplier to DM&E, it is understood that your organization agrees to meet the following stipulations which also include current AS9100 requirements (Ref: AS9100 Sec. 7.0, Para. 7.4.2.). DM&E will describe the product to be purchased on Purchase Orders.
(b) Supplier shall inspect products prior to shipment to DM&E. Supplier is responsible for all tests and inspections of the product during receiving, manufacture, and supplier’s final inspection. Supplier agrees to Conduct First Article Inspections AS9102 (where required). The supplier must perform a FAI when there is any change to the product or process (where required). These changes may include a change in manufacturing source(s), process(es), or inspection method(s) that can potentially affect fit, form, or function (includes sub-tiers and special processing sources).
(c) Non-conforming material will not be shipped to DM&E without prior written consent. DM&E must be immediately notified should the supplier determine that product shipped to DM&E is non-conforming. Nonconforming product that can be returned to engineering configuration within the normal process flow shall be reworked prior to submitting to DM&E for review.
(d) The supplier of Special Processes must process all recurring product in the same manner as the initial order. Any changes to process planning, site location or sub-tier supplier(s) must be clearly communicated to DM&E as a change in writing unless otherwise arranged with the DM&E primary point of contact.
(e) If requested by DM&E purchasing or quality representative, the supplier shall provide corrective action on failures or non-conformances of supplier’s product.
(f) DM&E may use supplier performance reporting, corrective action requests, and or quality audits as the primary methods of monitoring suppliers. The need for quality audits is dependent upon the type of product, the impact of supplied product on the quality of final product, and where applicable, on the quality reports or quality records previously used to demonstrate the capability and performance of the supplier.

2. Acceptance:

(a) This General Terms and Conditions agreement is part of the purchase order established with the supplier. Supplier’s acknowledgement, acceptance of payment, or commencement of performance shall constitute Supplier’s unqualified acceptance of DM&E, Terms and Conditions. The acceptance of the purchase order indicates acknowledgement and automatically places supplier in agreement with all pricing and quantities.

3. Supplier Requirement to Notify Buyer:

(a) Only the Authorized Purchasing Agent has the authority to make a change to the Purchase Order via a revised purchase order. The supplier will notify DM&E of changes in product and/or process definition and, where required, obtain organization approval.

4. Quality System:

(a) Suppliers whose product or service is subject to an approved Quality Systems shall meet current AS 9100
”Quality Management Systems/Aerospace – Requirements including:

  • requirements for approval of product, procedures, processes and equipment.
  • requirements for qualification of personnel.
  • quality management system requirements.
  • The identification and revision status of specifications, drawings, process requirements, inspection/verification instructions and other relevant technical data.
  • requirements for design, test, verification, use of statistical inspection, verification (including production process techniques for product acceptance, and related instructions for acceptance by the organization, and as applicable critical items including key characteristics, requirements for test specimens (e.g., production method, number, storage conditions) for design approval, inspection/verification, investigation or auditing.
  • requirements regarding the need for the supplier to
    • notify the organization of nonconforming product
    • obtain organization approval for nonconforming product disposition,
    • notify the organization of changes in product and/or process, changes of suppliers, changes of manufacturing facility location and, where required, obtain organization approval, and
    • flow down to the supply chain the applicable requirements including customer requirements,
    • record retention requirements, and right of access by the organization, their customer and regulatory authorities to the applicable areas of all facilities, at any level of the supply chain, involved in the order and to all applicable records.

(b) The organization shall ensure the adequacy of specified purchase requirements prior to their communication to the supplier.
(c) The Supplier and any applicable sub-tier suppliers should maintain a documented Quality System manual and make it available upon request by DM&E. This documented Quality System must include provisions for the supplier to manage the competence, awareness, and training of all personnel where required.

5. Right of Entry:

(a) Acceptance of this purchase order reserves the Right of Entry into premises by DM&E Representatives and the customer’s Representatives for the purpose of conducting audits and inspections to confirm quality acceptance.

6. Flow down Requirements:

(a) When the Purchase Order specifies the requirements for an OEM special process or an approved process source, the process supplier must be an approved processor listed in the OEM’S list of approved processors. Supplier shall ensure that all manufacturing and/or special processing meets industry recognized standard or an OEM specification is carried out by only qualified personnel.

7. Quality and Delivery:

(a) Material and/or process certificates may be required with shipments. The supplier will be notified on the purchase order of these requirements. By providing the shipment the supplier confirms that the products comply with the purchase order requirements.
(b) Supplier shall strictly adhere to the shipment, delivery or completion schedules specified in the purchase order. In the event of any anticipated or actual delay supplier shall promptly notify DM&E, stating the reasons for the delay and the actions being taken to overcome and minimize the delay, and provide DM&E with a recovery schedule.

8. Supplier Evaluation:

(a) DM&E maintains Approved Supplier List. The evaluation and selection of suppliers shall be dependent upon their ability to supply the required parts, materials, and adhere to the quality requirements and services. Selection preference shall be given to suppliers with accredited third party certified quality management systems.

Contract Terms and Conditions

1. Agreement and Acceptance-

(a)Supplier agrees to sell and deliver goods or services specified in this Purchase Order in accordance with the terms and conditions hereof. This would include any documentation referenced herein, all of which constitute the entire agreement of the parties and cancels any prior negotiations or agreements. The Supplier hereby acknowledges acceptance of this order upon receipt. Buyers’ order expressly limits acceptance to the terms of this order and any additional or different terms are rejected unless expressly agreed to by Buyer in writing. Supplier specifically acknowledges its acceptance of this order by delivery of goods, rendering of services, or the commencement of work on goods to be specially manufactured for Buyer pursuant to this order.

2. Order Changes-

(a)Buyer may make changes at any time to this order. Any price adjustments to be made to the order must be submitted to Buyer by Supplier in writing at the time of order change. Buyer will have the right to verify all claims hereunder by auditing relevant records, facilities, work, or materials of Supplier. Supplier agrees to proceed with the order after completion of change is made.
(b)All engineering changes, whether initiated by Buyer or Supplier, will be in accordance to Buyer’s practices in effect at the time of the change. Supplier as directed by Buyer will promptly implement all Buyer approved engineering changes. Price changes for Buyer approved engineering are to be based solely on the design cost variance from the superseded design and must be substantiated with the appropriate documentation satisfactory to Buyer.

3. Price and Payments-

(a) General. Prices contained in this order and/or attached schedules are firm and are not subject to change without prior Buyer’s approval as evidenced by Buyer’s properly authorized written amendment to this order. No charge shall be made by Supplier for boxing, packing or cartage unless by express agreement. Supplier is granted no right or setoff of unpaid invoices against obligations of Supplier’s parent, subsidiaries, or affiliates, to Buyer.
(b) Most Favored Customer. Supplier warrants that the prices for the goods and services sold to Buyer hereunder are no less favorable than Supplier currently extends to any other customer for the same or similar goods or services in similar quantities. If Supplier reduces its prices to others for the same or similar goods or services during the term of this order, Supplier will immediately reduce the prices to Buyer for such goods or services. Supplier warrants that prices shown on this order are complete, and that no additional charges of any type will be added without Buyer’s express written consent.
(c) Payment. Buyer will make all payments to Supplier within agreed number of days net proximal from the date of Supplier’s invoice, unless expressly stated to the contrary on the front of this Purchase Order.
(d) supplier must maintain ledgers, payroll data, books, records, personnel documents, correspondence, instructions, drawings, receipts, vouchers, and all other documents required for GPS or the customer to have a complete understanding of the charges for which supplier is seeking payment in connection with the services provided by its employees. Supplier will preserve these documents for a minimum of seven years after the final payment for any services provided under the project schedule or purchase order.

4. Delivery-

(a)General. Time is of the Essence. Deliveries are to be made both in the quantities and at the dates specified by Buyer. Buyer will not pay for material or items delivered to Buyer which are in excess of quantities specified in this order. Buyer may, from time to time, change delivery schedules to direct temporary suspension of scheduled shipments upon prior written or verbal notice. If Supplier fails to make deliveries or perform services at the agreed time, all damages suffered by Buyer and any additional transportation or other costs required to meet the specified delivery schedule will be at the expense of the Supplier.
(b)Release Authorization. When deliveries are specified to be in accordance with Buyer’s written releases, Supplier will not fabricate or assemble any goods, nor procure required materials, nor ship any supplies, except to the extent authorized by such written releases of this order.
(c)Excusable Delays. At Buyer’s sole discretion, allowances may be made for delays caused by fire, flood, earthquake, strikes, insurrections, and circumstances beyond the reasonable control of Supplier. If, at any time, Supplier has reason to believe that deliveries will not be made as scheduled, written notice setting forth the cause and the anticipated new delivery date(s) will be sent to Buyer immediately. Fire, strikes, and other causes beyond Buyer’s control shall relieve Buyer from accepting delivery hereunder while such cause is operative.

5. Packing, Marking, and Shipment-

(a)General. Supplier will pack and mark goods and make shipments in accordance with Buyer’s instructions, meet carrier requirements and assure delivery free of damage and deterioration. All shipments to Buyer’s plants must include a packing slip and/or bills of lading. Whenever shipment is made by truck, Supplier will enclose a packing slip in an envelope to Buyer’s traffic representative upon arrival at Buyer’s plant. Supplier is responsible for all risks to the goods until delivery and acceptance at the designated FOB point.
(b)Designated Carrier. Buyer may specify the carrier and/or method of transportation and Supplier will process shipping documents and route shipments accordingly. Supplier will comply with all of Buyer’s transportation routing instructions, including without limitation, mode of transportation, utilization of assigned carrier and identification of the shipping point. Supplier will be responsible for all excess costs incurred because of its failure to comply with Buyer’s transportation instructions.
(c)Documentation Requirements. Buyer will not be responsible for delays in the payment of invoices if the following requirements are not met. Invoices and packing slips must bear the Purchase Order number, part number, quantity buys or the release number on blanket orders, the “ship-to” address, Buyer assigned plant location, and address to invoice.

6. General Warranty-

(a)General. Supplier warrants that the goods or services will (I) comply with all specifications, drawings, descriptions, or samples furnished and/or specified by Buyer, (II) be merchantable, and (III) be free from defects in materials and workmanship. Supplier further warrants that all goods not designed by Buyer will be fit and sufficient for the purpose intended. The warranty term will be coterminous with the warranty extended to Buyer’s customers by Buyer. Supplier’s liability for a breach of the warranties given herein will be determined by Buyer’s analysis of a sample of products against which claims are made that the products are defective. Supplier will participate in such analysis in accordance with Buyer’s procedures.
(b)Title. Supplier further warrants that on delivery Buyer will receive good and merchantable title to the goods and services, free and clear of all liens, and encumbrances of any kind. And that all goods and services will be free from any actual or claimed patent, copyright or trademark infringement and any claims of third parties.
(c)Survival. These warranties are in addition to any warranties implied by law or otherwise made by Supplier and will survive acceptance and payment by Buyer.

7. Inspection and Claims-

(a)General. All material shall be received subject to Buyer’s inspection and rejection. Defective material not in accordance with Buyer’s specifications will be held for Supplier’s instruction and at Supplier’s risk and if Supplier so directs, will be returned at Supplier’s expense. Buyer shall have 30 days from the date of receipt of goods to notify Supplier of defective goods. Payment for material on this order prior to inspection shall not constitute an acceptance thereof, nor will acceptance remove Supplier’s responsibility for latent defects. This order is issued for the product specifically identified in this order and any substitution of material, without prior Buyer approval, will be considered a breach of this order.
(b)Inspection of Manufacturing Process. Buyer may inspect and evaluate all goods (including all tooling and material used in their manufacturing process), and all services at times and places designed by Buyer. Supplier will provide and maintain a Supplier Quality Assurance System approved by Buyer and which meets Buyer’s specifications, as they may be amended from time to time. Supplier will perform inspections as designed by Buyer and Supplier will make inspection systems, procedures, and records available to Buyer upon request. Buyer reserves the right to inspect at Supplier’s premises and have Buyer’s customer present when required.
(c)Remedies. Without limiting its remedies, after notice to Supplier, Buyer may (I) replace or correct any nonconforming goods or services and charge Supplier the full cost of such replacement or correction on an expedited basis to meet delivery dates and removal of any defective materials and goods. (II) Cancel the order for default, (III) subject Supplier’s account to a debit for the damages suffered by Buyer, and/or (IV) cause the removal of Supplier as an approved Buyer Supplier.
(d)Claims Adjustment. Buyer may at any time and without notice deduct or set-off Supplier’s claims for money due or to become due from Buyer against any claims that Buyer has or may have arising out of this or any other transaction between Buyer and Supplier.

8. Property and Special Tooling

(a)Unless otherwise provided in this order, property of every description including all tools, equipment, material, drawings, manufacturing aids and replacements of the foregoing furnished by Buyer, either directly or indirectly, or as acquired or manufactured by Supplier for use in the performance of this order, for which Supplier has been reimbursed by Buyer (Special Tooling), will be (I) the property of Buyer, (II) plainly marked or otherwise adequately identified by Supplier as the property of Buyer, and (III) safely stored separate and apart from Supplier’s property. Supplier will adhere to the Buyer procedure in effect at the time for submitting requests for reimbursement for tooling costs. All requests for reimbursements for tooling costs are subject to review, approval, and audit by Buyer. Supplier will retain and not use or rework tooling or property of Buyer except for performance of work hereunder or as authorized in writing by Buyer. Supplier will keep such tooling or property in its possession and/or control in good condition, fully covered by insurance, free of liens and encumbrances and will replace such tooling or property when lost, damaged or destroyed. All Buyer tooling or property will be transferred as Buyer may direct at any time. If Supplier makes an unauthorized transfer of Special Tooling, Supplier will reimburse Buyer for any costs incurred by Buyer in returning the tooling to Buyer or moving the tooling as directed by Buyer.

9. Work on Premises

(a)If Supplier’s employees, contractors, or agents provide services to Buyer on Buyer’s premises or Buyer’s customer’s premises, Supplier shall examine the premises to determine whether they are safe for such services and shall advise Buyer promptly, in writing, of any situation it deems to be unsafe. Supplier shall handle and be responsible for every claim that arises from Supplier’s work on Buyer’s premises or Buyer’s customer’s premises that is for actual or alleged injury or damage to any person, property, economic loss, worker’s compensation claim, or violation of any law. Or at Buyer’s option provide at reasonable assistance to Buyer in Buyer’s handling of such claims, unless the claim arises from the negligence or recklessness of Buyer, its agents, or employees.

10. Insurance and Indemnification

(a)Insurance. Supplier will provide worker’s compensation, comprehensive general liability, automobile, public liability, and property damage insurance in amounts and coverage’s sufficient to cover all claims hereunder. Such policies will name Buyer as an additional insured thereunder and contain endorsements stating that the policies are primary and not excess over or contributory with any other valid, applicable, and collectible insurance in force for Buyer. Buyer may require Supplier to furnish evidence of the foregoing insurance but failure to comply with these insurance requirements will not relieve Supplier of its liability and obligations under this paragraph. Buyer’s action or inaction will not act as a waiver of any of Buyer’s rights described in this paragraph.
(b)Indemnification. Supplier will defend, indemnify, and hold Buyer harmless against all claims, liability, losses, damages, and settlement expenses in connection with any breach by Supplier of these general conditions or for injury or death of any person and damage or loss of any property allegedly or actually resulting from or arising out of any act, omission or negligent work of Supplier or its employees, agent, or subcontractors in connection with performing this order, whether on Buyer’s property or Buyer’s customer’s property or in the course of their employment.

11. Use of Buyer’s Name

(a)Supplier will not, without the prior written consent of Buyer, in any manner publish the fact that Supplier has furnished or contracted to furnish Buyer goods and/or services, or use the name or trademarks of Buyer, its product, or any of its associated companies in Supplier’s advertising or other publication. Supplier will not place its, or any third party’s trademark or other designation on the part if the product bears a Buyer trademark or an identifying mark specified by Buyer, or if the product is peculiar to Buyer’s design (marked product). Supplier will sell Marked Product, and similar goods, only to Buyer and will not sell Marked Product or similar goods to third parties without Buyer’s prior written consent.

12. Technology Rights

(a)General. The specifications, drawings, designs, manufacturing data and other information transmitted to Supplier by Buyer in connection with the performance of this order are the property of Buyer and/or Buyer’s customers and may be covered by one or more Buyer patents, patent applications, know-how or copyrights (confidential information). No rights are granted to Supplier under any Buyer patents or technology except as may be necessary to fulfill Supplier’s obligations under this order.
(b)Infringement Claims. Supplier shall indemnify and hold harmless Buyer and its customers and shall handle and be responsible for every claim of infringement of any present or future patent, copyright, industrial, design right or other proprietary right that results from the sale or use of the goods/services supplied hereunder (I) alone (II) in combination by reason of their content, design or structure, or (III) in combination in accordance with Supplier’s recommendations, and at Buyer’s option provide all reasonable assistance to Buyer in Buyer’s handling of such claims. Supplier’s obligation shall apply even though Buyer furnishes all or any portion of the design and specifies all or any portion of the processing.
(c)Grant-back License. Supplier grants to Buyer and its associated companies a nonexclusive, royalty-free, irrevocable license for Buyer and sufficient knowhow to rebuild and/or repair and have rebuilt and/or repaired the goods covered by this order, including any improvements thereto as they may be delivered from time to time.
(d)Non-Assertion. Supplier will neither assert nor transfer to another a right to assert against Buyer and/or its associated companies, or dealers or customers thereof any copyright of Supplier that is applicable to any works of authorship furnished to Buyer or any of Buyer’s associated companies in the course of Supplier’s activity hereunder. All information disclosed heretofore and hereafter by Supplier to Buyer in connection with these supplies or services is disclosed on a non-confidential basis. Supplier grants to Buyer and its customers a worldwide, royalty free copyright license in all works supplied to Buyer.
(e)Secrecy. Supplier will handle all of this Confidential information in such a manner to insure that it is not used for any purpose detrimental to the interests of Buyer and will not, directly or indirectly, (I) use or exploit such Confidential information in any way except to fulfill this order and (II) will keep Confidential and not disclose such Confidential information to any third-party without Buyer’s prior written consent. All drawings and tracings furnished by Buyer for this Contract/Purchase Order must be returned with the last invoice.

13. Assignment

(a)This order or any rights or interest herein may not be assigned, delegated or encumbered in whole or in part, or sold or transferred as part of a sale of the Supplier or its business, stock or assets without Buyer’s prior written consent, including without limitation, the subcontracting of work to be performed hereunder or the transfer of Special Tooling to third parties for the performance of work hereunder.

14. Termination at Buyer’s Option

(a)Buyer may terminate this order at any time without cause in whole or in part by written notice, whereupon Supplier will stop work on the date and to the extent specified in such notice and terminate all order and subcontracts that relate to the terminated order. Within thirty (30) days after receipt of termination notice, Supplier will submit all claims resulting from such termination. Buyer will have the right to verify such claims by auditing the relevant records, facilities, work, or materials of Supplier and/or its subcontractors. Buyer will pay Supplier of finished work accepted by Buyer as well as for the documented cost to Supplier of work in process and raw material allocable to the terminated work which is not in excess of any prior Buyer authorization. Payment made under this paragraph will not apply to any cancellation by Buyer for default by Supplier or for any other cause recognized by law or specified by this order.

15. Cancellation for Default

(a)If Supplier (I) fails to deliver goods or perform services at the time specified herein or fails to make progress so as to endanger performance of the work or impair delivery dates, or (II) fails to perform any other provisions hereof and does not cure such failure within a period of ten (10) days after receipt of written notice from Buyer specifying such failure, or (III) becomes financially unstable, insolvent, makes an assignment in favor of creditors, or enters bankruptcy or dissolution procedures, or (IV) is merged into another company and/or is expropriated or nationalized, Buyer may cancel the whole or any part of this order without any liability, except for payment due for goods and services delivered and accepted to date. Upon such termination Buyer will have the right, and on notice to Supplier, to take title to and possession of all or any part of such materials, work in process or finished goods performed by Supplier under this order, any special tooling and all drawings, technology and information furnished by Buyer.

16. Spare Parts for Equipment

(a)Supplier will make spare parts for Buyer’s requirements for any equipment purchased hereunder for ten years or for such longer time as may be required by Buyer after the order is terminated. The price of the part for Buyer’s service requirements will be the price provided in the order plus costs actually incurred for special packaging.
(b)If the part is no longer required, then the price of the part for Buyer’s equipment will be no greater than the last price stated in the order plus or minus (I) any changes in the cost of materials since the order was terminated, plus (II) a volume adjustment reflecting the actual increase in the cost per unit of producing fewer units, plus (III) a setup charge reflecting the actual cost of preparation for the production run, plus (IV) any additional costs actually incurred for special packaging. All the foregoing components of the price will be documented to Buyer’s reasonable satisfaction, including without limitation, set-up detail, machine productivity, scrap allowance, labor inefficiencies and excess raw material requirements.
(c)If the parts are manufactured in a country other than the country in which the goods are delivered to Buyer, Supplier will mark the goods shipped for Buyer’s service requirement ‘Made in (country of origin)’.

17. Taxes

(a)The goods purchased hereunder are for resale or for an exempt purpose and may be exempt from local sales or use taxes in the foreign jurisdiction.

18. Remedies

(a)The rights and remedies herein reserved to Buyer are cumulative and in addition to any other or further rights and remedies available at law or in equity. No waiver of any breach of any provision of this order will constitute a waiver of any other breach or a waiver of such provision.

19. Component Application Sign-Off

(a)Suppliers of component parts and sub-systems are expected to concur, in writing that the application of their components or sub-systems meets the design intent for which they have been developed. This includes both the applications in the DM&E Production System’s, tooling system and its operation in its final environment. Concurrence must occur at both design and try-out.

20. Required Compliance

(a)In providing goods or services hereunder, Supplier will comply with any and all-applicable foreign and U.S. federal, state and local laws, and regulations promulgated thereunder, including without limitation, the U.S. Fair Labor Standards Act as amended. Supplier will defend, indemnify and hold Buyer harmless from and against any and all claims, losses, damages, costs and expenses resulting from or arising out of any failure of Supplier or Supplier’s employees, agents and subcontractors to comply with any applicable governmental regulations and/or statutes.

21. Governing Law

(a) This Purchase Order/Contract shall be construed and interpreted according to the laws of the State of Iowa.